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Delivering community benefits from wind energy development: a toolkit
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A report for the Renewables Advisory Board. July 2009 edition
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Collective Power - Changing the way we consume energy
[1,384,812 bytes]
Robbie Erbmann, Hugh Goulbourne & Piya Malik, May 2009. Published by The Co-operative Party (UK)
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Community Power points
[405,515 bytes]
Short points about the advantages of community power.
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Energy Self-Reliant States - 2nd Edition
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This updated edition of Energy Self-Reliant States narrows the focus to electricity, but includes virtually all renewable resources (on shore and off shore wind, micro hydro, combined heat and power, geothermal, rooftop PV). We also discuss the potential gains from improving energy efficiency and estimate the per kWh costs for each state to become energy independent.
The data in this report suggest that every state could generate a significant percentage of its electricity with homegrown renewable energy. At least three-fifths of the fifty states could meet all their internal electricity needs from renewable energy generated inside their borders. Every state with a renewable energy mandate can meet it with in-state renewable fuels. And, as the report discusses, even these estimates may be conservative.
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Resilience of the Cooperative Business Model in Times of Crisis
[14,418,189 bytes]
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Community wind farm inaugurations in Brittany and the Massif Central
[181,054 bytes]
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Développement territorial et filière éolienne - Sommaire
[112,212 bytes]
Des installations éoliennes socialement acceptables: élaboration d’un modèle d’évaluation de projets dans une perspective de développement territorial durable
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Développement territorial et filière éolienne - Rapport final
[1,016,911 bytes]
Des installations éoliennes socialement acceptables: élaboration d’un modèle d’évaluation de projets dans une perspective de développement territorial durable
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Economic Development Impacts of Community Wind Projects - A Review and Empirical Evaluation
[715,743 bytes]
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Consultation Document to Support the Development of the Community Energy Solutions Roadmap
[2,195,106 bytes]
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Why RFPs Don’t Work
[127,070 bytes]
RFPs and competitive bidding has its place in modern day procurement in both the
public and the private sectors, especially when the product or service is a commodity
with definitive and quantitative characteristics. In such cases, “least cost” decision
making makes sense. But when a purchaser is looking for the greatest value, relying
on an RFP may, in fact, be counterproductive and add costs to both the delivered
product and to society as a whole.
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Community-Based Social Marketing
[55,398 bytes]
When members of community use resources wisely, for example by recycling or taking mass transit, a community moves toward sustainability. To promote sustainability, then, it is essential to have a firm grasp of how to effectively encourage individuals and businesses to adopt behaviors that are resource efficient.
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Enabling Tomorrow's Electricity System: Report of the Ontario Smart Grid Forum
[2,404,117 bytes]
This document presents the work of the Ontario Smart Grid Forum. The report begins by describing the
Forum, what it set out to accomplish, and how it operated. A vision of the smart grid follows which
explains the smart grid and the fundamental transformation of the electricity system that it represents.
Subsequent sections discuss various aspects of smart grid development and make recommendations in
each area. The report concludes with a section on advancing the smart grid.
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Energizing Rural America: Local Ownership of Renewable Energy Production is the Key
[1,139,066 bytes]
his year offers a rare historical opportunity for our nation to marry energy and agricultural policy
objectives. The new 110th Congress will be revisiting the 2005 energy bill and reauthorizing the
2002 farm bill, giving congressional leaders the chance to link increased rural prosperity and energy
security. The key ingredient in such a strategy: Maximize local ownership of the rapidly expanding
biofuels and wind-energy industries.
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Habitat for Humanity - Toronto: Integrating Renewable Energy Into General Practice
[720,289 bytes]
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Biofuel Co-operative case study series -Seaway Valley Farmers’ Energy Co-operative
[526,642 bytes]
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A Community Wind Energy Program for New Brunswick
[244,299 bytes]
This document presents a series of recommendations for a Community Wind Energy Program for
the province of New Brunswick.
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Community Energy & Emissions Planning
[674,076 bytes]
The ‘first stop’ for local government leaders addressing energy sustainability and climate change
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Community Wind 101: A primer for policy makers
[1,039,346 bytes]
Released by the 25' X 25' Alliance, The Energy Foundation and Harvesting Clean Energy, this report makes clear that community wind must be an integral part of the U.S.'s national energy strategy and lays out a set of public policies designed to grow local wind investment and ownership.
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Rural Power: Community-Scaled Renewable Energy and Rural Economic Development
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by John Farrell and David Morris for Institute for Local Self-Reliance
This report examines the current impact of renewable energy on rural communities and identifies existing and potential policies that could dramatically expand the economic benefit this new sector can bring to these communities.
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A Study of Co-operative Urban District Geoexchange Heating and Cooling
[3,577,214 bytes]
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Storing Renewable Power
[1,793,841 bytes]
This primer focuses on the large-scale storage
of electricity in order to bring more renewable
power sources onto the grid. Adding power
storage to the grid will allow our future base
load and peak power needs to be met primarily
with renewable power sources, including those
that have variable outputs like solar, tidal,
wave and wind power.
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Ontario College Energy Programming
[210,235 bytes]
Energy conservation is the focus of many advertising campaigns and new
strategies and resources are being developed daily. The importance of
energy is understood, particularly as it relates to the future. Given its
significance, it is alarming that the energy sector will suffer a skills shortage
unless changes are made. The Ontario Centre of Excellence for Energy
(OCEE), in consultation with the Electricity Sector Council (ESC) undertook a
survey of the colleges and roundtable discussion help address this shortage.
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"Green" Paper - Partners in Green
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This "Green Paper" outlines the value of creating stronger partnerships between core commercial property stakeholders ( owners, property managers, operations, and tenants) in the pursuit of green.
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The Community Power Pack
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The Community Power Pack has been created by Communities and Local Government
with the help of Involve to aid local groups organise and facilitate discussions on the topic
of empowerment. Your feedback will be used by Communities and Local Government
to inform and shape empowerment activities, including the Empowerment White Paper.
The pack contains suggestions for the format of the meeting, advice for facilitators and
organisers as well as detailed information about key empowerment issues.
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Lessons from Germany's Energy Renaissance
[157,433 bytes]
The world's alternative-energy superpower has lured companies from around the world with offers
of funding and support theyclean, sustainable power
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Financing Models for Community Wind
[101,679 bytes]
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Renewable Energy Guide for Local Governments in British Columbia
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Local governments around the world have been leaders in tackling climate change by promoting renewable energy at
the community level, with innovative policies and programs that have made national-level impacts on energy policy and
greenhouse gas emissions. Local governments are ideally placed to champion renewable energy in British Columbia.
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The New District Energy - Building Blocks for Sustainable Community Development
[1,852,949 bytes]
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Exploring Ownership Options for Farmers, Rural Landowners and Rural Communities
[1,048,397 bytes]
TORC published this report following the TORC Energy Forum: Exploring Ownership Options for Farmers, Rural Landowners and Rural Communities in November of 2007. This report addresses issues such as: grid access and connectivity costs; unified voice for policy advocacy; benefits of local ownership, and much more.
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Du coût global à la rentabilité différentielle
[260,894 bytes]
L’approche en coût global est un progrès considérable par rapport à la simple
comparaison des coûts d’investissement initiaux d’options de projets
de bâtiments. Elle permet en effet de prendre en compte les avantages d’options
de constructions à faibles coûts d’exploitation et d’entretien, y compris
en essayant de prendre en compte les avantages en coûts indirects pour
l’environnement et la société, comme dans les réflexions en cours sur le “coût
global partagé”. 1
Bernard Chabot,
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Feasibility Analysis for a SolarShare Co-operative in the City of Toronto
[429,430 bytes]
This report describes a feasibility analysis and the development of a business
model for a solar electric co-operative within the City of Toronto and the Greater
Toronto Area.
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Empowering the Community: Making Neighborhood Renewable Energy a Reality
[247,575 bytes]
This discussion paper provides an overview of the context for municipal microgeneration
policies in BC, and some potential policy options. It aims to help stimulate discussion and
provide some ideas for consideration at the workshop.
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City of Guelph Community Energy Plan
[19,299,843 bytes]
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Exploring the Feasibility of Neighborhood-Scale Biomass District Heating Systems in Santa Fe
[2,673,328 bytes]
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Biomass-Fired District Energy: A Source of Economic Development and Energy Security
[2,405,814 bytes]
Taking a community-based approach to renewable energy means more than just creating jobs in rural areas. It means helping communities get more of their energy from local, independent producers, thereby ensuring that they once again have a personal stake in their energy future.
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Comparative Study of Smaller-Scale Biodiesel Co-ops
[130,756 bytes]
This study was conducted for EverPure by Michelle Fruendt with the generous support
of the Agricultural Co-op Initiative of the federal government’s Cooperatives Secretariat.
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Wind Energy Law: A Primer on Business and Legal Issues
[295,574 bytes]
This guide presents a high level overview
of some of the legal and business issues which wind energy industry participants
face as part of the development of individual projects and is our attempt to distill
some of the insights which we have gained over the past number of years serving
Canada’s wind energy industry.
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Conceptual Ownership Models for Proposed Biomass-fired Downtown District Heating System in Santa Fe
[353,952 bytes]
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Ownership Matters: Three Steps to Ensure a Biofuels Industry That Truely Benifits Rurual America
[1,467,151 bytes]
by John Farrell and David Morris for Institute for Local Self-Reliance
This report examines the current impact of renewable energy on rural communities and identifies existing and potential policies that could dramatically expand the economic benefit this new sector can bring to these communities.
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Small Packages, Big Benefits: Economic Advantages of Local Wind Projects
[224,714 bytes]
This report briefly reviews the benefits of wind power, introduces small-scale, locally owned wind generation, highlights three analyses that compare the economic development benefits of small-scale, locally owned generation to other larger capacity ownership structures and closes by discussing the barriers and changes necessary to aid the development of small-scale, locally owned wind generation, specifically in Iowa.
Other Iowa Policy Project publication related to the economic development potential of renewable energy technologies include Wind Power and the Iowa Economy and Statewide Economic Values of Alternative Energy Sources and Energy Conservation.
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Comparative Analysis of Business Structures Suitable for Farmer-Owned Wind Power Projects in the US
[334,249 bytes]
For years, farmers in the United States have looked with envy on their European counterparts’
ability to profitably farm the wind through ownership of distributed, utility-scale wind projects.
Only within the past few years, however, has farmer- or community-owned wind power
development become a reality in the United States. The primary hurdle to this type of
development in the United States has been devising and implementing suitable business and
legal structures that enable such projects to take advantage of tax-based federal incentives for
wind power. This article discusses the limitations of such incentives in supporting farmer- or
community-owned wind projects, describes four ownership structures that potentially overcome
such limitations, and finally conducts comparative financial analysis on those four structures,
using as an example a hypothetical 1.5 MW farmer-owned project located in the state of Oregon.
We find that material differences in the competitiveness of each structure do exist, but that
choosing the best structure for a given project will largely depend on the conditions at hand; e.g.,
the ability of the farmer(s) to utilize tax credits, preference for individual versus “cooperative”
ownership, and the state and utility service territory in which the project will be located.
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A Comparative Analysis of Community Wind Power Development Options in Oregon
[832,934 bytes]
The Northwestern United States is currently home to several large, commercially developed
wind projects. With many more in the development pipeline, large commercial wind projects
will likely dominate wind power development in the Northwest for years to come. Recently,
however, there has also been growing interest throughout the Northwest in wind projects of a
smaller scale, yet still using modern utility-grade wind turbines – i.e., so called “community
wind.” For the purposes of this report, we define “community wind” power development to
mean locally owned projects, consisting of one or more utility-scale wind turbines that are
interconnected on either the customer or utility side of the meter.
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Community Wind Financing
[514,520 bytes]
This Guidebook explains the options for structuring and financing community-based wind power projects.There have been numerous publications and conferences on community wind development, but less specific attention on options for project structuring and financing. The goal of this handbook is to identify critical financing issues and present several possible financing models that reflect the differing financial positions and investment goals of various project owners/developers.
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Permitting Small Wind Turbines: A Handbook - Learning from the California Experience
[525,445 bytes]
"Permitting Small Wind Turbines" was developed by the American Wind Energy Association's Small Wind Advocate Team in cooperation with Northwest Sustainable Energy for Economic Development (SEED)
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Final Report: Haubenschild Farms Anaerobic Digester
[722,953 bytes]
This report is an update of the December 2000 report and documents the installation and
34-month performance of a heated plug-flow anaerobic digester for managing dairy manure
at Haubenschild Farms. This type of digester is appropriate for treating manure with a high
solids content, such as cow manure that is collected by scraping.
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Photovoltaic Systems: A Buyer’s Guide
[2,776,567 bytes]
The purpose of this guide is to
help you determine whether a PV
system is a suitable option for you
in providing electrical power for
one or more of the above uses. It describes typical and innovative PV systems, provides examples of successful Canadian installations and answers some of the questions you should ask yourself before approaching a PV dealer ( as well as questions a dealer should be able to answer).
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Tools & Techniques for Community Recovery & Renewal
[1,317,830 bytes]
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Self-Reliant Cities - Energy and the Transformation of Urban America
[2,210,861 bytes]
The first half of this book discusses the century-long struggle by cities to gain autonomy and authority from state governments and create their own planning and service delivery capacities. The second part describes the first urban-based localization movements. Given the relevance of the book to current localist efforts, [ILSR has] written a new foreword that traces the local energy initiatives after the 75 percent plunge in oil prices after 1982 and the coming to power of a new administration hostile to renewable energy.
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